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The Study Desk
🇪🇸Spanish·A1· 7 min read·May 14, 2026

How to Conjugate Spanish -AR, -ER, and -IR Verbs (Present Tense)

The 6-ending pattern that unlocks 80% of regular Spanish verbs in the present tense, with examples and a 5-minute drill you can repeat each day.

How Spanish verb conjugation actually works

Every Spanish verb in the dictionary ends in -ar, -er, or -ir. That ending tells you which pattern of conjugation the verb follows. Drop the ending, attach a new one for each person — yo, tú, él, nosotros, vosotros, ellos — and you have the present tense.

If you learn the three sets of endings on this page, you can conjugate hundreds of regular verbs from day one.

The -AR endings (hablar — to speak)

  • yo hablo
  • tú hablas
  • él / ella / usted habla
  • nosotros hablamos
  • vosotros habláis
  • ellos / ellas / ustedes hablan

The -ER endings (comer — to eat)

  • yo como
  • tú comes
  • él / ella / usted come
  • nosotros comemos
  • vosotros coméis
  • ellos / ellas / ustedes comen

The -IR endings (vivir — to live)

-IR follows the same shape as -ER except in the nosotros and vosotros forms.

  • yo vivo
  • tú vives
  • él / ella / usted vive
  • nosotros vivimos
  • vosotros vivís
  • ellos / ellas / ustedes viven

A 5-minute daily drill

Pick one verb from each family — for example: trabajar, aprender, escribir. Conjugate all three in writing every morning before your coffee. After two weeks, the pattern becomes automatic and you stop thinking ending-by-ending.